社会人が計画力でTOEFL100点を突破するまで｜第6話: ライティング対策

1. Integrated Task
   読んだ&聞いた内容を要約する。
2. Independent Task
   賛成/反対を示し、それについて自分の意見を書く。

<Task1・ルーティーン作業>

1. 事前: 構成テンプレートの準備・暗記。
2. 読む時間: しっかりと読む。
   そして、3つの理由を書き出す。
   
3. 聞く時間: 教授は必ず筆者と反対の主張をする。
   そのため、その根拠について理由毎にメモる。
4. 書く準備: 最初に暗記したテンプレートをタイプする。
   
5. 書く時間: 英文とメモを見て肉付けしていく。
6. 見直し: 2分くらい余らせて、見直し。
   特にスペルミスと文法をチェック。

<Task2・ルーティーン作業>

1. 事前: 構成テンプレートの準備・暗記。
2. 考える時間: 最初に3~5分程度使い、思いつく限り「agree/disagree」両方の理由と根拠を紙に書き出す。
3. 書く時間: ②で書き出した理由・根拠で簡単に書けそうな方を判断。
   これを基に、肉付けしていく。
4. 見直し: 3分くらい余らせて、見直し。
   特にスペルミスと文法をチェック。

<Task1 テンプレート>

The author insists that (筆者・主張) and provides three reasons of support. However, the professor argues that (教授・主張) and refutes each of the author’s points.

First, the author says that (筆者・理由1).
The professor challenges this point by claiming that (教授・理由1).
She states that (教授・根拠1).

Second, the author insists that (筆者・理由2).
Nonetheless, the professor disagrees withthis point and discusses that (教授・理由2).
According to her, (教授・根拠2).

Third, the author says that (筆者・理由3).
The professor doesn’t support this point by explaining that (教授・理由3).
She states that (教授・根拠3).

<補足>

僕は「言う・主張する系の単語(insist, say, argue, challenge etc)」の重複を避けたかったので、こんなことも覚えました^^;

author: insistとsayが交互
(insist → say → insist → say)

professor: 各単語がアルファベット順
(argue →
challenge → claim →
disagree → discuss →
doesn’t → explain)

<Task1 全文>

The author insists that offering an option to work a four-day week with 20 percent reduced payment can be beneficial for the companies, the employees, and the country as a whole, and provides three reasons of support. However, the professor argues that it will not work in the way the author suggests and refutes each of the author’s points.

First, the author says that company profist profits would increase, with having more refreshed and attentive employees and less costly errors. To keep the productivity, the cofmpanies companies have to hire new employees, but it can not be additional cost because the employees working 4 days accept 20 percent reduced payment.
The professor challenges this point by claiming that those companies would spend a lot more money.
He states that they have to provide training, health benefit which is same whether an employee works 4 days or 5 days, additional office space and computers for new employees; these are costly.

Second, the author insists that it can help reduce unemployment rates by creating more job opportunities for others.
Nonetheless, the professor disagrees with this point and discusses that the companies are unlikely to hire additional employees because of its high cost.
According to him, the companies would provide same amount of work to 4-day working employees, which makes the job unpleasant and doesn’t create new job opportunies opportunities.

Third, the author says that the quality of the lives of individual employees improve improves by spending more time with their family and enjoying their hobbies.
The professor doesn’t support this point by explaining that taking this option will be, eventually, risky for them.
He states that those employees would have higher probability of layoff layoffs and less promotion opportunities than normal workers, because the companies want consistent works to work longer and get manager positions.

<Task2 テンプレート>

(導入)

I have to admit first that there would not be a single conclusive answer for the topic, i.e., people have a perspective which hinges on their personality, circumstance, age, et cetera., and is therefore unique, even though looking at an identical issue or fact.
But as for me, I believe (自分の意見).

First, (理由1).
(根拠・例1)

Second, (理由2).
(根拠・例2)

Third, (理由3).
(根拠・例3)
※3つ目の理由が思いつかなければ省略可。

That having been said, my answer may not be convincing when it comes to (自分の意見と反対になり得る理由).
Considering comprehensively, however, I still believe (自分の意見) because (理由1), (理由2), (理由3).

<3分で紙に書き出した内容>

most std(student) no
**didn’t focus on them
attract more std
**didn’t choose my uni(university) by that

some std yes
**good reputation fame
****help their future

<Task2 全文>

We have kept improving our life by learning things from generation to generation, which makes us human and differentiates us most from other creatures, creating a lot of inventions ranging from the control of fire to state-of-the-art technologies, such as computers, smart phones, AI technologies, just to name a few. Nowadays, universities and colleges are highly responsible for the next development of learning since they are generally the most sophisticated place places for our educational system.

I have to admit first that there would not be a single conclusive answer for the topic, i.e., people have a perspective which hinges on their personality, circumstance, age, et cetera., and is therefore unique, even though looking at an identical issue or fact. But as for me, I don’t believe that supporting sports and social activities as much as classes and libraries is essential.

First, for majority of the students, classes and libraries are more important.
Take my case for example, my university was one of the public universities and had many kinds of department. But none of them is was specialized for sports or social activities. In my university, they were selectively taught on our first and second grades, but as we learn learned our main subject more deeply on our third and fourth grades, they lost the importance except for a few students who selected to learn them professionally. I am sure my university is not a rare case, thus classes and libraries are more essential for most students than sports and social activities.

Second, sharing equal funds for sports and social activities would cause financial problem problems for the universities and colleges.
As I mentioned above, most students come to these educational institutions to learn their subject deeply. Therefore, by putting more financial support for sports and social activities, they lose the fund to keep the quality of main classes and are not chosen by potential students. Having less students makes less income, which makes less quality of classes again. It ends up with having critical financial issues on those universities and colleges.

That having been said, my answer may not be convincing when it comes to some universities which are stragetically strategically focusing on sports or social activities to acquire new students. Considering comprehensively, however, I still disagree with the statement because most of the university and college student students put importance on their classes or libraries and if funds are mistakenly allocated to something not important for them, the universities and colleges will have less students and face financial problems.